tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-11266427105715978882024-03-13T18:29:55.919-05:00live on missionLaura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.comBlogger1173125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-41899012389027898612020-07-05T09:48:00.003-05:002020-07-05T09:51:07.793-05:00both and<font size="5">Our brains look for simple explanations to complex issues and problems. Part of the reason we are so polarized in our country is that we as humans have a difficult time living with complexity, tension, and both/and thinking. We instead tend toward binary or dualistic thinking. This OR that. Us vs Them. </font><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">Sometimes, we think that racism will only be defeated by dismantling and creating new structures/systems OR by people taking personal responsibility for their choices and actions. As if it's an either/or option. Of course this is not a binary choice but a BOTH/AND. Systems and structures of injustice need to be emphasized because racism operates in a way that keeps white people from seeing the structural nature of racism and instead to only see in terms of rugged individualism and personal responsibility. </font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">MLK Jr.'s 2 minute interview on NBC in 1967 addresses this "pull yourself up by your bootstraps" mentality. </font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><a href="https://www.facebook.com/NBCNews/videos/3057819507571392/">https://www.facebook.com/NBCNews/videos/3057819507571392/</a></div><div><br /></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-90704985750541395062020-07-02T07:11:00.000-05:002020-07-02T07:11:01.799-05:00remember<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PoZr_kBodPc/XviJGZ9uFBI/AAAAAAAAqjE/aG6i6tEUS34ybEgeHeDiBpdWecIQhqCLwCK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2259.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2448" data-original-width="3264" height="469" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PoZr_kBodPc/XviJGZ9uFBI/AAAAAAAAqjE/aG6i6tEUS34ybEgeHeDiBpdWecIQhqCLwCK4BGAsYHg/w625-h469/IMG_2259.JPG" width="625" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><font size="5">We are encouraged to remember. To say the names of victims. To move forward with hope, courage, persistence, and faith.</font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7nkCGzqV2tc/XviKRfCsnkI/AAAAAAAAqkA/yK_HuV9nKSYFZXHYaSzYeNvcvxqintO-ACK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2247.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3264" data-original-width="2448" height="320" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7nkCGzqV2tc/XviKRfCsnkI/AAAAAAAAqkA/yK_HuV9nKSYFZXHYaSzYeNvcvxqintO-ACK4BGAsYHg/s320/IMG_2247.JPG" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hvjshjn2ouM/XviKRzMvp1I/AAAAAAAAqkE/_ySxS3USeyYbi8icBGPbyrfMv-R7JFS7ACK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2248.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3264" data-original-width="2448" height="320" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hvjshjn2ouM/XviKRzMvp1I/AAAAAAAAqkE/_ySxS3USeyYbi8icBGPbyrfMv-R7JFS7ACK4BGAsYHg/s320/IMG_2248.JPG" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cwnbYrtAMxI/XviKSFdGCXI/AAAAAAAAqkI/lhonfTHGT5cUIK0UlBI-Uvu20AoSChskQCK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2253.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3264" data-original-width="2448" height="320" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cwnbYrtAMxI/XviKSFdGCXI/AAAAAAAAqkI/lhonfTHGT5cUIK0UlBI-Uvu20AoSChskQCK4BGAsYHg/s320/IMG_2253.JPG" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LmM33ltlgTM/XviKSjZ7qsI/AAAAAAAAqkM/oOxaMxQeYFkNBp7F-1_hG2CT1WjEqi7TQCK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2255.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3264" data-original-width="2448" height="320" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LmM33ltlgTM/XviKSjZ7qsI/AAAAAAAAqkM/oOxaMxQeYFkNBp7F-1_hG2CT1WjEqi7TQCK4BGAsYHg/s320/IMG_2255.JPG" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yo1UtoYeybc/XviKS2P8J4I/AAAAAAAAqkQ/2Om1qO1PJzkRvl4A_BD6vTbx889oihacwCK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2256.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3264" data-original-width="2448" height="320" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yo1UtoYeybc/XviKS2P8J4I/AAAAAAAAqkQ/2Om1qO1PJzkRvl4A_BD6vTbx889oihacwCK4BGAsYHg/s320/IMG_2256.JPG" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-60851610734506383322020-06-30T07:00:00.000-05:002020-06-30T07:00:07.081-05:00more courage needed<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-J2NKlYcqybY/XviEpZma3HI/AAAAAAAAqio/q2lF17x_Dt8twny6CYq7e5rkpraluE_FQCK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2279.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2448" data-original-width="3264" height="375" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-J2NKlYcqybY/XviEpZma3HI/AAAAAAAAqio/q2lF17x_Dt8twny6CYq7e5rkpraluE_FQCK4BGAsYHg/w500-h375/IMG_2279.JPG" width="500" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">This mural is outside EJI's Legacy Museum in Montgomery, AL</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">I invite you to look up and learn more about the tremendous work being done across our country by <a href="https://eji.org/">EJI (Equal Justice Initiative) </a></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-25544325337959344362020-06-29T07:25:00.003-05:002020-06-29T07:25:00.503-05:00courage is contagious<font size="5">I was looking through pictures from my time at the Civil Rights Museum in Memphis in 2018. These two placards caught my eye:</font><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3tOJduPNsyc/Xvc7zBGxW8I/AAAAAAAAqgY/MTy6RpS0PMYCDMs79Fg0J5qyXphxXMm-gCK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2137.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2448" data-original-width="3264" height="375" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3tOJduPNsyc/Xvc7zBGxW8I/AAAAAAAAqgY/MTy6RpS0PMYCDMs79Fg0J5qyXphxXMm-gCK4BGAsYHg/w500-h375/IMG_2137.JPG" width="500" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wsWFZWWdUkY/Xvc8jU_QExI/AAAAAAAAqgs/4k2ESTve9xooT8db-MMMnCWEKMBSdBefQCK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2142.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2448" data-original-width="3264" height="375" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wsWFZWWdUkY/Xvc8jU_QExI/AAAAAAAAqgs/4k2ESTve9xooT8db-MMMnCWEKMBSdBefQCK4BGAsYHg/w500-h375/IMG_2142.JPG" width="500" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><font size="5">The struggle has been going on for over 400 years now. We're seeing increased momentum in the struggle these days and there are people making shifts and leveraging their influence and platforms for justice. Regardless of whether you and I choose to engage or not, <b>The struggle continues. </b>Silence and apathy allow for the powers and principalities of oppression and injustice to recreate over and over. We must WORK and STRUGGLE together to cut a different path forward and create a more loving and just world. Because of this struggle and the price of freedom, it will take courage, courage, courage!</font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><font size="5">Read, listen to, talk with someone in the struggle who inspires you by their COURAGE. We all need this inspiration so that we might takes steps of courage ourselves. </font></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><br /></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><br /></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><br /></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-88866914445895926062020-06-28T07:00:00.000-05:002020-06-28T07:03:24.820-05:00own it to growWhen we can own our brokenness and depravity, we can begin to grow and transform. At the National Monument for Peace and Justice in Montgomery, Alabama, there are rows upon rows upon rows of large iron rectangles hanging. Each represents a county in the United States where lynchings happened. Each block has the county and state listed on the top and below are the names and dates of persons lynched in that county. <div><br /></div><div>Outside of those hanging monuments, duplicates of each iron block lay flat on the ground with an invitation to each county across America to come and pick up their monument as a way to own their history and their contribution in the traumatic narrative of racism and injustice. Most duplicates remain. Few have been picked up and taken back to their respective counties. <b>It is a powerful visual display of how we as humans try to hide and deny our sin due to ego and the fear that we will be exposed and will live forever in weakness and inadequacy, in guilt and shame. </b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>Christian Scriptures, however, state that "the truth will set you free (John 8:32)," and that "if we confess our sins, he is faithful and just and will forgive us our sins and purify us from all unrighteousness. (1 John 1:9)" </div><div><br /></div><div><b>What might we as individuals and institutions need to own in the traumatic narrative of racism and injustice so that we can grow and transform?</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cS9QPftqDXc/XvdMxI9_02I/AAAAAAAAqhM/BQJiv7D6EI0X4C6qw9K0I7DG8bn2XC-NQCK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2257.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3264" data-original-width="2448" height="500" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cS9QPftqDXc/XvdMxI9_02I/AAAAAAAAqhM/BQJiv7D6EI0X4C6qw9K0I7DG8bn2XC-NQCK4BGAsYHg/w375-h500/IMG_2257.JPG" width="375" /></a></div> <br /></b><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JOhzDFYtupc/XvdM9xkroWI/AAAAAAAAqhY/pX0zwAf92883jq3195UZdBhL0dohv9zVgCK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2238.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3264" data-original-width="2448" height="500" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JOhzDFYtupc/XvdM9xkroWI/AAAAAAAAqhY/pX0zwAf92883jq3195UZdBhL0dohv9zVgCK4BGAsYHg/w375-h500/IMG_2238.JPG" width="375" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pkqL-_TbGlI/XvdNP8bCQvI/AAAAAAAAqh4/T4TAvMTbWNw-PKe8-YRE7tcq_WJlEmNOgCK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2267.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3264" data-original-width="2448" height="500" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pkqL-_TbGlI/XvdNP8bCQvI/AAAAAAAAqh4/T4TAvMTbWNw-PKe8-YRE7tcq_WJlEmNOgCK4BGAsYHg/w375-h500/IMG_2267.JPG" width="375" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kc0yEBkSuTE/XvdNQVKMG3I/AAAAAAAAqh8/Gkt_w2tinWgBy8nam53X3OHYvyjjEBQgACK4BGAsYHg/s3264/IMG_2268.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3264" data-original-width="2448" height="500" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kc0yEBkSuTE/XvdNQVKMG3I/AAAAAAAAqh8/Gkt_w2tinWgBy8nam53X3OHYvyjjEBQgACK4BGAsYHg/w375-h500/IMG_2268.JPG" width="375" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-5587803797431804012020-06-27T07:00:00.000-05:002020-06-27T07:14:30.724-05:00redistribute<font size="5">I recently listened to Pete Scazzero's Emotionally Healthy Podcast on grieving as a necessary precursor to addressing racial injustice (found <a href="https://www.emotionallyhealthy.org/podcast/detail/Why-We-Must-Learn-to-Grieve-to-Address-Racial-Injustice-/?v=7516fd43adaa">here</a>.) In his podcast, Pete spoke of the stages of learning about racism and racial injustice as the following:</font><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">1) Awakening, beginning to ask questions, beginning to seek knowledge.</font></div><div><font size="5">2) Reading, listening to speakers and podcasts, watching videos and documentaries,...input, input, input.</font></div><div><font size="5"><b>3) The learner begins to put value to this knowledge and topic. Once a person begins to learn about this, they begin to value this journey. </b></font></div><div><font size="5"><b>4) Once this becomes a value, the person begins to prioritize life and actions around undoing racism. </b></font></div><div><font size="5">5) This stage is about owning this journey and having it live deep in your bones. </font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">Redistribution is word that often makes people itchy, but perhaps we can look at this concept through the lens of <i>stewardship. </i>When a person or institution begins to move into stages 3 and 4 of this journey, they will begin to value and prioritize anti-racism work and will begin re-examining and re-distributing their resources. Linking arms in this restoration business of Jesus is a part of our Christian discipleship and our human growth. </font></div><div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: x-large;">Time, gifts, passions, creativity, relational networks, money...how am I distributing these resources for racial justice, peace, and reconciliation in my community and in the world? How can we structure our lives and organizations in ways that will value and prioritize healing and justice? </span></div><div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div><font size="5"><b><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;">Along with continued listening to and learning from people of color, consider listing ways you might steward (redistribute) your resources for the work of bringing about healing and racial justice. </font></font></b></font></div><div><font size="5"><b><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><br /></font></font></b></font></div><div><font size="5"><b><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><br /></font></font></b></font></div><div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><div><span> </span><br /></div><div><font size="5"><i><br /></i></font></div><div><font size="5"><i><br /></i></font></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-71632771057407046192020-06-25T09:30:00.001-05:002020-06-27T07:09:37.560-05:00resources <font size="5">I was listening to the Pete Scazzero's Emotionally Healthy Podcast yesterday on grieving as a necessary precursor to addressing racial injustice (found <a href="https://www.emotionallyhealthy.org/podcast/detail/Why-We-Must-Learn-to-Grieve-to-Address-Racial-Injustice-/?v=7516fd43adaa">here</a>.) In his podcast, Pete spoke of the stages of learning about racism and racial injustice as the following:</font><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">1) Awakening, beginning to ask questions, beginning to seek knowledge.</font></div><div><font size="5">2) Reading, listening to speakers and podcasts, watching videos and documentaries,...input, input, input.</font></div><div><font size="5">3) The learner begins to put value to this knowledge and topic. Once a person begins to learn about this, they begin to put a high value to this journey. </font></div><div><font size="5">4) Once this becomes a value, the person begins to prioritize their life around undoing racism. </font></div><div><font size="5">5) This stage is about owning this journey and living this journey in your very bones. </font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">With the pause button pushed in our world due to Covid-19, and with the quick succession of several blatant, public acts of racial injustice (Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Taylor, George Floyd, Amy Cooper/Christian Cooper), many people who had previously not shown much interest are awakening and seeking education on race and racism. This is extremely encouraging. There are so many resources being listed on websites and social media sites. </font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">The next two resources I want to engage more fully in are:</font></div><div><font size="5">a) The 1619 Project Written by Nikole Hannah Jones (she's also a fellow graduate of West High, Waterloo!) Click <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/08/14/magazine/1619-america-slavery.html">here</a> to see more.</font></div><div><font size="5">b) Whiteness Intensive by <u>Be the Bridge</u> author Latasha Morrison. I think it would be beneficial to learn more about white identity, white superiority, white fragility, white privilege. Click <a href="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/558850fde4b0892e071e7960/t/5a7b4ea9e2c483ccb42b9a73/1518030506168/BetheBridge.pdf">here</a> to see more.</font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">Here are some books that I have read and found helpful:</font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-D6ry4WuIcdc/XvO0QB6H6ZI/AAAAAAAAqfg/QXaBmp80TssF9UtwWc-dO913FnpIfIhqACK4BGAsYHg/s4032/IMG_5358.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><font size="5"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="375" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-D6ry4WuIcdc/XvO0QB6H6ZI/AAAAAAAAqfg/QXaBmp80TssF9UtwWc-dO913FnpIfIhqACK4BGAsYHg/w500-h375/IMG_5358.JPG" width="500" /></font></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><font size="5">One particular video that has been very educational for me has been a lecture given by Dr. Joy De Gruy Leary found here: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGjSday7f_8" style="text-align: left;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGjSday7f_8</a></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><font size="5">If you wish to comment below on resources that have been helpful to you, that would be so welcome. </font></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-18396717406847179782020-06-24T09:00:00.000-05:002020-06-24T09:00:00.178-05:00who is in need?<font size="5">Churches value seeing needs, meeting needs, and sharing Christ as the one who satisfies people's deepest needs. </font><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">What if, in this current time in history, the white church sees its <i>own</i> need and works to meet it? My journey in anti-racism turned a corner when I went from thinking about helping other people get their needs met, to recognizing my own need for healing and transformation and a new worldview. Without addressing the impact that racial oppression has had on my own eyesight, heart, and choices, meeting others' needs only continues to be done through the lens of white superiority within a mindset that maintains systemic racism. I think this is true institutionally for the church as well. </font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">The system of racial oppression has harmed <i>every</i> person. Even though white people live with privilege and power, as a people group they have consciously or unconsciously betrayed love, compassion, justice, community, wholeness, humanity, to have that privilege, power, and upper hand through the years. </font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">When we can grieve this truth and see the need for our own transformation, we can begin to confess, own our part in the narrative, and turn and move in a different way. The words and life of Jesus can guide us in this repentance, both in values and in actions, so that we as the church might bear witness to good news of great joy for all people. </font></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-30971421353173044972020-06-23T09:30:00.000-05:002020-06-23T09:30:03.394-05:00feel the feels* Reading deeper into history through the book <u>White Rage: The Unspoken Truth of our Racial Divide</u> by Carol Anderson, a friend called to tell me she just broke down crying. Tears. Heaviness. Overwhelmed. Grief.<div><br /><div>*Pulling over my car to weep while listening to the audio book of <u>A Warmth of Other Suns</u> by Isabel Wilkerson. Tears. Heaviness. Overwhelmed. Grief.</div><div><br /></div><div>*Walking through the Lynching Memorial and the Peace and Justice Museum in Montgomery, AL, walking over the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, AL, with my neighbors from Iowa, experiencing the intensity and the actions of the oppressor and the oppressed through time in the Civil Rights Museum in Memphis. Walking through the National Underground Railroad Freedom Museum in Cincinnati with friends. Tears. Heaviness. Overwhelmed. Grief. </div><div><br /></div><div>*Kneeling in silence for 8 minutes and 46 seconds and considering the depth and levels of dehumanization present in a man's mind that he could casually have his hand in his pocket and his eyes resolutely looking into a camera while George Floyd begged for his life under the weight of the officer's knee on his neck. Tears. Heaviness. Overwhelmed. Grief. </div><div><br /></div><div>*Being asked by a black friend, "Do you ever cry tears over this injustice, trauma, and racism?" after we listened to John Perkins describe being tortured in a Brandon, Mississippi jail in 1970. Tears. Heaviness. Overwhelmed. Grief. </div><div><br /></div><div>*Listening to Richard Twiss tell attendees at a CCDA conference about history from a Native American perspective. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGw7AU6VDOs">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGw7AU6VDOs</a> Tears. Heaviness. Overwhelmed. Grief.</div><div><br /></div><div>Racial Oppression works in such a way to try to keep the oppressing people group from feeling compassion and empathy for the oppressed. Racism has organized for 400 years to dehumanize, criminalize, blame, and internalize the idea of inferiority of the oppressed. Racism has also organized for 400 years to internalize the idea of superiority of the oppressor and to keep the oppressing group in denial, defensiveness, and justification. </div><div><br /></div><div>Deconstructing and dismantling racism is more than an intellectual effort. Yes, justice is needed and laws and policies have to be changed. Yes, critical thinking and education is an absolute must. Yes, we need to create different structures going forward so that we don't maintain and perpetuate racist systems. <b>But, we must also feel the feels</b>. And they will be uncomfortable feels. The emotional world must be integrated into the work for peace and justice. </div><div><br /></div><div><b>What hooks you emotionally as you listen and learn about racism? What feelings can you identify? Who can you talk with about these emotions? What opportunities for healing and growth are you finding through this journey? </b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Resource: Pete Scazzero's "Emotionally Healthy Leader" Podcast this past week (June 15, 2020) is "Why We Must Learn to Grieve to Address Racial Injustice" It is 30 minutes long, and I recommend this podcast, as it talks about the necessity of grieving for healing and growth. </b></div><div><a href="https://www.emotionallyhealthy.org/podcast/?v=7516fd43adaa">https://www.emotionallyhealthy.org/podcast/?v=7516fd43adaa</a></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-19600604529375230302020-06-22T08:00:00.000-05:002020-06-22T08:00:07.121-05:00what is white privilege<font size="5">As a part of being educated about the effects of race and racism, it is important to learn about what the term <i>white privilege</i> means and to look at some examples of it so that we can identify it. I found this article helpful in describing white privilege. Give some time to read through it so we can continue to learn together:</font><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><a href="https://www.tolerance.org/magazine/fall-2018/what-is-white-privilege-really"><font size="5">https://www.tolerance.org/magazine/fall-2018/what-is-white-privilege-really</font></a></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-1669822722355032142020-06-21T07:39:00.001-05:002020-06-21T07:39:00.748-05:00the brain on raceWe often hear the phrase, "the brain on drugs". In this post, we'll take a look at "the brain on race" for those who are benefactors of this construct. Racism is a system of oppression that operates in a way that:<div><br /></div><div>a) dehumanizes the oppressed so that the oppressing people group often feels little empathy for the oppressed. Instead of empathy, the "brain on race" works to blame the oppressed people group, to justify unjust treatment. For example, "George Floyd was trying to use counterfeit money. He was a criminal." This is a brain on race in a dominant culture person working to justify a police officer slowly torturing and murdering a handcuffed black man over the course of 8 minutes and 46 seconds by putting a knee to his neck and cutting off his air supply until he died. </div><div><br /></div><div>b) The brain on race for the oppressing people group also works in a way to ensure they do not see themselves living in bondage under an oppressive system. Living with power and privilege does not feel like harm because harm is not being done to them. Or is it? When we grow a conscious awareness of how racism works, the dominant culture can begin to see that compassion, justice, love, humanity, community has repeatedly been betrayed and sold out to retain benefits at the expense of others. </div><div><br /></div><div>A turning point for me on this journey was when I began to grow awareness of both of these ways that my thinking works to retain and perpetuate the system of racism. When I began to understand how I've thought about and seen people of color AND when I recognized my own bondage and what I've lost of myself because of racism, I was broken and wrecked. This is a needed wrecking. I can only begin to move toward growth and freedom when I can <i>recognize and feel </i>the brokenness and bondage caused by racism. </div><div><br /></div><div>A quote that leads me and has been so influential for me on this journey is this:</div><div><br /></div><div><b>"If you have come here to help me, you are wasting your time. But if you are come because your liberation is bound up with mine, then let us work together." -Lilla Watson, Indigenous Australian, artist, activist</b></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-84819524185316861452020-06-20T09:12:00.000-05:002020-06-20T09:12:29.579-05:00black suppression<font size="5">As I grew up in public school, my history lessons were primarily white washed and romanticized accounts of American history. It was not until the past decade that I learned about periods of time where great gains were being made by the black community only to be squashed and suppressed by white people. </font><span style="font-size: x-large;">Two examples:</span><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">1. Reconstruction Period (1867-1877)</font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">After the Civil War, Black Americans were rising as activists in the political, economic, and social landscape of the South. Sixteen African-Americans served in the U.S. Congress during Reconstruction; more than 600 more were elected to the state legislatures, and hundreds more held local offices across the South. As a way to suppress Black Americans' growing autonomy and success, the Ku Klux Klan rose up, voter suppression practices grew, Jim Crow laws were put into place, all to ensure that whites would not lose control and power. Read more here: </font><a href="https://www.history.com/news/voter-suppression-after-reconstruction-southern-states">https://www.history.com/news/voter-suppression-after-reconstruction-southern-states</a></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">2. The Black Wall Street Massacre in Tulsa, 1921</font></div><div><br /></div><div><font color="#121212" face="Guardian Text Egyptian Web, Georgia, serif" size="5"><span style="background-color: #fef9f5; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures;">You may have heard on the news that there is opposition to the location choice of Trump's rally in Tulsa, OK, today. Instead of just blowing by this in the constant stream of newsfeed, take a moment to read about this white act of terror and black suppression in Tulsa in 1921. It's important not to turn our eyes from really uncomfortable truths of history that tell a different story than racism's narrative which will always work to criminalize people of color and to make white people out as the heroic, upstanding people group. </span></font></div><div><font color="#121212" face="Guardian Text Egyptian Web, Georgia, serif" size="5"><span style="background-color: #fef9f5; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures;"> </span></font><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jun/19/tulsa-1921-massacre-trump-violence-legacy">https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jun/19/tulsa-1921-massacre-trump-violence-legacy</a></div><div><br /></div><div><font size="5">Once we begin to see these patterns in history, we can begin to look for signs of racial suppression today in our current context. </font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><div class="WI9k4c" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; display: table; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small; word-break: break-word;"><div class="GgmXif jY7QFf" style="font-size: 28px; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; min-height: 36px;"><div class="DgZBFd XcVN5d" style="line-height: 36px; vertical-align: top;"><span data-dobid="hdw">sup·press</span></div></div><div class="S23sjd" style="color: #70757a; font-size: 14px; line-height: 16px;"><span class="XpoqFe">/səˈpres/</span></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="K6GhFd" data-is-bilingual="false" jsaction="BtuVOb:V46pce" jscontroller="AImii" style="max-height: 0px; opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; transition: max-height 0.3s ease 0s, opacity 0.3s ease 0s;"><div class="b8aKlc" style="padding: 8px 0px 6px;"><a href="https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=how+to+pronounce+suppress&stick=H4sIAAAAAAAAAOMIfcRoxS3w8sc9YSnDSWtOXmPU5uINKMrPK81LzkwsyczPExLhYglJLcoV4pHi4uIoLi0oKEotLrZiUWJKzeNZxCqZkV-uUJKvUADUkw_UlKoAUwIAhOuhElsAAAA&pron_lang=en&pron_country=us&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ3eEDMAB6BAgEEAg" style="color: #660099; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" tabindex="-1"><div class="S5TwIf" style="border-radius: 6px; box-shadow: rgb(218, 220, 224) 0px 0px 0px 1px inset; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; padding-right: 12px; vertical-align: top;"><g-img class="FamOtd" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle;"><img alt="" class="rISBZc M4dUYb" data-atf="1" height="32" id="dimg_13" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" style="border: 0px; display: block; position: relative;" width="32" /></g-img><span class="fe69if" style="color: #3c4043; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-left: 10px; vertical-align: middle;">Learn to pronounce</span></div></a></div></div></div><div class="ABgcGb vmod" jsname="p0q1Sd" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><div class="TomNKe" data-hveid="CAQQCQ" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQpv4EMAB6BAgEEAk" style="margin-top: 16px;"><div class="f4A6t" style="color: #8c8c8c; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px;">See definitions in:</div><div class="iVCDIf" data-dii="-1" data-dsk="true" jsaction="rcuQ6b:npT2md" jscontroller="uu8amb" jsname="poVCq"><div class="KKEX6 siftDd" jsname="KM35l" style="max-height: 36px; overflow: hidden; position: relative;"><div class="V0adRc WgBtV POrPle" jsname="deRYT" role="list" style="display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; max-width: 100%; padding-right: 28px;"><div role="listitem"><div aria-pressed="false" class="hide-focus-ring ArKEkc LmK1Xc vif5w wsGUDf EByLkd EXV3We JG3t0b xnVEb uF8n1e BYb9Nc" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ3f0EKAAwAHoECAQQCg" jsaction="vHQTA" jsname="ibnC6b" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 12px; height: 26px; line-height: 26px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 8px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; text-transform: capitalize; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">All</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="LmK1Xc BYb9Nc vif5w HUJ9rf wN440b JG3t0b uYRfrf xnVEb uF8n1e hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ2_0EMAB6BAgEEAs" jsaction="nIDhq" jsname="Stv3Z" role="button" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 26px; line-height: 26px; margin-right: -28px; margin-top: 8px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 26px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="sKPmhc vkmgkc z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 3px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div role="listitem"><div aria-pressed="false" class="hide-focus-ring ArKEkc LmK1Xc vif5w wsGUDf EByLkd EXV3We JG3t0b xnVEb uF8n1e BYb9Nc" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ3f0EKAEwAHoECAQQDA" jsaction="vHQTA" jsname="ibnC6b" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 12px; height: 26px; line-height: 26px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 8px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; text-transform: capitalize; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">Medicine</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="LmK1Xc BYb9Nc vif5w HUJ9rf wN440b JG3t0b uYRfrf xnVEb uF8n1e hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ2_0EMAB6BAgEEA0" jsaction="nIDhq" jsname="Stv3Z" role="button" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 26px; line-height: 26px; margin-right: -28px; margin-top: 8px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 26px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="sKPmhc vkmgkc z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 3px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div role="listitem"><div aria-pressed="false" class="hide-focus-ring ArKEkc LmK1Xc vif5w wsGUDf EByLkd EXV3We JG3t0b xnVEb uF8n1e BYb9Nc" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ3f0EKAIwAHoECAQQDg" jsaction="vHQTA" jsname="ibnC6b" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 12px; height: 26px; line-height: 26px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 8px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; text-transform: capitalize; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">Electrical</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="LmK1Xc BYb9Nc vif5w HUJ9rf wN440b JG3t0b uYRfrf xnVEb uF8n1e hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ2_0EMAB6BAgEEA8" jsaction="nIDhq" jsname="Stv3Z" role="button" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 26px; line-height: 26px; margin-right: -28px; margin-top: 8px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 26px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="sKPmhc vkmgkc z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 3px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div role="listitem"><div aria-pressed="false" class="hide-focus-ring ArKEkc LmK1Xc vif5w wsGUDf EByLkd EXV3We JG3t0b xnVEb uF8n1e BYb9Nc" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ3f0EKAMwAHoECAQQEA" jsaction="vHQTA" jsname="ibnC6b" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 12px; height: 26px; line-height: 26px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 8px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; text-transform: capitalize; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">Psychology</div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="vmod" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><div class="vmod" data-topic="medicine,electrical,psychology" jsname="r5Nvmf"><div class="lW8rQd" style="display: flex;"><div class="vpx4Fd" style="font-size: 14px;"><div class="pgRvse vdBwhd" style="min-height: 20px; padding-top: 10px;"><i>verb</i></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="xpdxpnd vk_gy" data-mh="-1" jsname="jUIvqc" style="color: rgb(135, 135, 135) !important; max-height: 0px; overflow: hidden; transition: max-height 0.3s ease 0s;"><b></b><b></b><b></b><b></b><b></b></div></div></div><ol class="eQJLDd" style="border: 0px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 20px;"><li jsname="gskXhf" style="border: 0px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="vmod"><div class="thODed Uekwlc XpoqFe" style="font-size: 14px; font-weight: lighter !important; padding-top: 10px;"><div data-topic="" jsname="cJAsRb"><div style="margin-left: 20px;"><div class="QIclbb XpoqFe" style="font-size: small; margin-left: -20px;"><div data-dobid="dfn" style="display: inline;">forcibly put an end to.</div><div class="vmod"><div class="vk_gy" style="color: rgb(135, 135, 135) !important;">"the uprising was savagely suppressed"</div></div><div class="qFRZdb" data-dsk="true" data-dtpe="false" data-requery="false" jsaction="rcuQ6b:npT2md;see_full_definition:X4aiyd;g_popup_show:yJjTGf;dg_dismissed:pnFSEb;NAozHc:Gmtrjd" jscontroller="PDhHxc"><div class="P2Dfkf vmod SkSOXb" jsname="KM35l" style="max-height: 30px; overflow: hidden; position: relative;"><div class="bqVbBf jfFgAc CqMNyc" jsname="deRYT" role="list" style="display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; max-width: 100%; padding-right: 24px;"><div aria-hidden="true" class="k6UgDb" style="flex-basis: 100%; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; width: 0px;"></div><div class="qFRZdb"><div class="q3q3Oc vmod fA5izc" style="display: inline-block; font-size: 13px; height: 24px; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 2px; margin-right: 8px; margin-top: 6px;"><div class="pdpvld" style="color: #188038;">Similar:</div></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEBM" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">subdue<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA31"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/subdue--_us_1.mp3" data-df="overcome, quieten, or bring under control (a feeling or person)." data-ex="she managed to subdue an instinct to applaud" data-hw="subdue" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+subdue&forcedict=subdue&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEBQ" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEBU" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">defeat<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA35"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/defeat--_us_6.mp3" data-df="win a victory over (someone) in a battle or other contest; overcome or beat." data-ex="Arab armies defeated the Byzantine garrison" data-hw="defeat" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+defeat&forcedict=defeat&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEBY" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEBc" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">conquer<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA37"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/xconquer--_us_1.mp3" data-df="overcome and take control of (a place or people) by use of military force." data-ex="the Magyars conquered Hungary in the Middle Ages" data-hw="conquer" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+conquer&forcedict=conquer&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEBg" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEBk" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">vanquish<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA39"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/vanquish--_us_1.mp3" data-df="defeat thoroughly." data-ex="Mexican forces vanquished the French army in a battle in Puebla" data-hw="vanquish" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+vanquish&forcedict=vanquish&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEBo" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd cO53qb rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" jsname="F457ec" style="background-color: #f8f9fa; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(248, 249, 250); color: rgb(189, 193, 198) !important; cursor: text; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;">triumph over</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEBs" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEBw" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">repress<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA43"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/repress--_us_1.mp3" data-df="subdue (someone or something) by force." data-ex="the uprisings were repressed" data-hw="repress" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+repress&forcedict=repress&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEB0" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEB4" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">crush<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA47"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/crush--_us_1.mp3" data-df="(of a government or state) violently subdue (opposition or a rebellion)." data-ex="the government had taken elaborate precautions to crush any resistance" data-hw="crush" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+crush&forcedict=crush&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEB8" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEECA" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">quell<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA49"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/quell--_us_1.mp3" data-df="put an end to (a rebellion or other disorder), typically by the use of force." data-ex="extra police were called to quell the disturbance" data-hw="quell" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+quell&forcedict=quell&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEECE" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEECI" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">quash<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA51"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/quash--_us_1.mp3" data-df="put an end to; suppress." data-ex="a hospital executive quashed rumors that nursing staff will lose jobs" data-hw="quash" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+quash&forcedict=quash&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEECM" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEECQ" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">squash<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA53"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/squash--_us_1_rr.mp3" data-df="crush or squeeze (something) with force so that it becomes flat, soft, or out of shape." data-ex="wash and squash the cans for the recycling bin" data-hw="squash" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+squash&forcedict=squash&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEECU" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd cO53qb rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" jsname="F457ec" style="background-color: #f8f9fa; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(248, 249, 250); color: rgb(189, 193, 198) !important; cursor: text; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;">stamp out</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEECY" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEECc" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">overpower<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA59"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/overpower--_us_1.mp3" data-df="defeat or overcome with superior strength." data-ex="" data-hw="overpower" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+overpower&forcedict=overpower&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEECg" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEECk" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">extinguish<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA61"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/extinguish--_us_1.mp3" data-df="put an end to; annihilate." data-ex="hope is extinguished little by little" data-hw="extinguish" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+extinguish&forcedict=extinguish&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEECo" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEECs" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">put down<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA63"><div data-au="" data-df="record something in writing." data-ex="he's putting a few thoughts down on paper" data-hw="put something down" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="true" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+put+something+down&forcedict=put+something+down&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEECw" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEC0" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">put out<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA65"><div data-au="" data-df="be willing to have sexual intercourse." data-ex="" data-hw="put out" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="true" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+put+out&forcedict=put+out&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEC4" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEC8" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">crack down on<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA67"><div data-au="" data-df="take severe measures against." data-ex="we need to crack down hard on workplaces that break safety regulations" data-hw="crack down on" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="true" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+crack+down+on&forcedict=crack+down+on&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEDA" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEDE" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">clamp down on<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA71"><div data-au="" data-df="suppress or prevent something in an oppressive or harsh manner." data-ex="" data-hw="clamp down" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="true" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+clamp+down&forcedict=clamp+down&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEDI" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEDM" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">cow<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA75"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/cow--_us_1.mp3" data-df="a fully grown female animal of a domesticated breed of ox, kept to produce milk or beef." data-ex="a dairy cow" data-hw="cow" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+cow&forcedict=cow&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEDQ" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd cO53qb rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" jsname="F457ec" style="background-color: #f8f9fa; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(248, 249, 250); color: rgb(189, 193, 198) !important; cursor: text; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;">drive underground</div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEDU" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEDY" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">end<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA77"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/end--_us_1.mp3" data-df="come or bring to a final point; finish." data-ex="when the war ended, policy changed" data-hw="end" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+end&forcedict=end&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEDc" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEDg" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">put an end to<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA79"><div data-au="" data-df="cause someone or something to stop existing." data-ex="injury put an end to his career" data-hw="put an end to" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="true" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+put+an+end+to&forcedict=put+an+end+to&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEDk" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEDo" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">stop<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA81"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/stop--_us_1.mp3" data-df="(of an event, action, or process) come to an end; cease to happen." data-ex="his laughter stopped as quickly as it had begun" data-hw="stop" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+stop&forcedict=stop&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEDs" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEDw" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">discontinue<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA85"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/discontinue--_us_1.mp3" data-df="cease doing or providing (something), typically something provided on a regular basis." data-ex="the ferry service was discontinued by the proprietors" data-hw="discontinue" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+discontinue&forcedict=discontinue&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEED0" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEED4" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">terminate<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA89"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/terminate--_us_1.mp3" data-df="bring to an end." data-ex="he was advised to terminate the contract" data-hw="terminate" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+terminate&forcedict=terminate&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEED8" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEEA" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">halt<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA91"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/halt--_us_1.mp3" data-df="bring or come to an abrupt stop." data-ex="there is growing pressure to halt the bloodshed" data-hw="halt" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+halt&forcedict=halt&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEEE" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEEI" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">arrest<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA93"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/arrest--_us_1.mp3" data-df="seize (someone) by legal authority and take into custody." data-ex="the police <b>arrested</b> him <b>for</b> possession of marijuana" data-hw="arrest" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+arrest&forcedict=arrest&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEEM" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="k6UgDb" style="flex-basis: 100%; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; width: 0px;"></div><div class="qFRZdb"><div class="q3q3Oc vmod fA5izc" style="display: inline-block; font-size: 13px; height: 24px; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 2px; margin-right: 8px; margin-top: 6px;"><div class="hVpeib" style="color: #d93025;">Opposite:</div></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEEQ" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">incite<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA97"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/incite--_us_1.mp3" data-df="encourage or stir up (violent or unlawful behavior)." data-ex="the offense of inciting racial hatred" data-hw="incite" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+incite&forcedict=incite&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div><div aria-hidden="true" class="gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N AsWFZc Inx6Z I6a0ee En7IMd rjpYgb hide-focus-ring gjoUyf" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8Y0DMAB6BAgEEEU" jsaction="Aq3Esf" jsname="Stv3Z" style="background-origin: content-box; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: -24px; margin-top: 6px; outline: 0px; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; width: 22px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="-1"><span class="D1MTm dZmT4d z1asCe bjaP2b" style="color: #70757a; display: inline-block; fill: currentcolor; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; margin: 1px; position: relative; width: 20px;"><svg focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></span></div></div><div data-mh="-1" role="listitem"><div class="EmSASc gWUzU MR2UAc F5z5N jEdCLc LsYFnd p9F8Cd I6a0ee rjpYgb gjoUyf hide-focus-ring" data-ved="2ahUKEwjQ88ikyJDqAhXHPM0KHS7FA4MQ8I0DMAB6BAgEEEY" jsaction="click:DAFmqe;" jsname="F457ec" role="button" style="border-radius: 32px; border: 1px solid rgb(218, 220, 224); color: #3c4043; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; float: left; font-size: 13px; height: 22px; line-height: 22px; margin-right: 4px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 250px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 12px; position: relative; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="-1">encourage<div id="_7BfuXtDNNcf5tAauio-YCA101"><div data-au="//ssl.gstatic.com/dictionary/static/sounds/20180430/encourage--_us_1.mp3" data-df="give support, confidence, or hope to (someone)." data-ex="we were encouraged by the success of this venture" data-hw="encourage" data-lb="" data-tae="false" data-te="false" data-tl="en-US" data-tldf="" data-url="/search?rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS812US812&q=define+encourage&forcedict=encourage&dictcorpus=en-US" jsname="sUPGue"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin-left: 20px;"><div style="margin-left: -32px;"><ul style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><li class="vmod" data-topic="" jsname="z0mti" style="border: 0px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="csWlI" style="display: list-item; font-size: xx-small; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: 25px; padding-top: 5px;"><div class="QIclbb XpoqFe" style="font-size: small;"><div data-dobid="dfn" style="display: inline;">prevent the development, action, or expression of (a feeling, impulse, idea, etc.); restrain.</div></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></li></ol></div></div></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><br /></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-43793354207953044922020-06-19T10:10:00.001-05:002020-06-19T10:10:11.161-05:00Juneteenth<font size="5">An excerpt from <u>Color of Compromise</u> (author Jemar Tisby)</font><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">"The demise of what many have called America's 'original sin' would seem to be a likely candidate for frequent, even annual, commemoration nationwide. The moment when millions of black people finally gained the liberation they had been fighting for since at least 1619 deserves space in the calendar to help people remember who America truly is and how much effort it takes to overcome the racism that often characterizes life in this nation. At present, the most logical occasion to mark the abolition of slavery, Juneteenth, is marked at the state but not at the national level. </font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">Juneteenth, a mash-up of the words June and nineteenth, remembers the day in 1865 when slaves in Texas finally learned about their emancipation. It is the oldest-known celebration of black freedom from slavery. While over forty states currently recognize Juneteenth as a state holiday or observance, it should become a national one. "</font></div><div><font size="5"><br /></font></div><div><font size="5">If you want to experience a little of Waterloo, Iowa's Juneteenth celebration, you can go to <a href="https://www.facebook.com/waterloonaacp/" target="_blank">"NAACP of Black Hawk County" on Facebook. </a></font></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-46918050673137049582020-06-16T19:35:00.000-05:002020-06-16T19:35:19.183-05:00color of compromise <u>The Color of Compromise: The Truth about the American Church's Complicity in Racism </u> written by Jemar Tisby is a book I read last year in a book group, and it is now a book being recommended to our congregation at Orchard Hill Church. <div><br /></div><div>"This book is about revealing racism. It pulls back the curtain on the ways American Christians have collaborated with racism for centuries. By seeing the roots of racism in this country, may the church be moved to immediate and resolute antiracist action." p. 15, 16 </div><div><br /></div><div>"Like a boil that can never be cured so long as it is covered up but must be opened with all its ugliness to the natural medicines of air and light, injustice must be exposed, with all the tension its exposure creates, to the light of human conscience and the air of national opinion before it can be cured." Martin Luther King, Jr. </div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>To go forward, we must go backward and choose to see what we have either not seen or pretended not to see. If you are a white Christian, I encourage you to read this book with an open heart and mind. And I would welcome your thoughts, comments, or a chance to have conversation with you as you process through it. </div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-46089624533583610852020-06-15T16:48:00.000-05:002020-06-15T16:48:00.533-05:00the matrix<br />
Have you ever seen the movie "The Matrix"? I think of this movie often when I think about becoming aware of the reality of structural racism. <br />
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In the movie, the main character, Neo, is actually living oppressed inside a software program, an operating system, but he doesn't know it. He does, however, begin to recognize that something was just not settled in him, and he began to question if there wasn't something unknown to him outside of his daily vision and experience. In the 2 minute clip below, Morpheus, another character who was aware of the Matrix, offers Neo a red pill or a blue pill. If Neo chose the blue pill, he could go on living in the false state of being, and if he took the red pill, he would be made aware of truths of what was controlling him and realities that he had previously not seen or known. <br />
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For white people who wish to become more aware of truths of our operating system and realities regarding race and racism, "taking the red pill" means educating ourselves with historical perspectives that we were not taught, and listening and learning to women and men of color who are very aware of "the Matrix of oppression" and can share their strength, wisdom, and experience as guides toward human freedom and justice. <br />
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Also, I recommend the movie if you haven't seen it. :)<br />
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The Matrix clip:<br />
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<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zE7PKRjrid4">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zE7PKRjrid4</a>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-6562102458148367642020-06-14T17:09:00.000-05:002020-06-14T17:09:08.617-05:00What do you like about being......?<br />
When I took the Undoing Racism workshop back in 2011, one of the exercises was to get in race-based groups and answer the question, "What do you like about being your race?" <br />
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So, before you read further, answer the question, "What do you like about being your race?"<br />
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It was so stunning when answers were shared in the large group. Minority cultures expressed their love for various foods, music, dances, traditions, language, spirituality, strength as survivors and overcomers, physical characteristics. These lists were very soulful, relational, and communal. <br />
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White groups had a starkly different list including liking being part of the majority, access to opportunities, blending in without being noticed, having advantages and privileges due to race, a sense of security and ease.<br />
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As the large group discussed these lists, it was acknowledged that those in white culture had not focused on their ethnic heritage. Many immigrants (Irish, German, Polish, etc.), in fact, came to America and began to hide their heritage, culture, and language to assimilate and gain white status and privilege. Much of their rich culture and heritage did not get passed down from generation to generation in white dominate culture. <br />
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The group also discussed that when asked, the white group said that it would be difficult to give up anything on their list....which hits at the very center of the construct of race and racism: power and privilege afforded to one race at the expense of other races. <br />
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<b>What is your ethnic heritage? How much do you know about your ancestor's culture? Do you think that some of your heritage and culture may have been traded and lost in order to gain white status and privilege? </b><br />
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<br />Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-70215532462736147872020-06-12T17:00:00.000-05:002020-06-14T16:23:19.686-05:00why colorblindness is not helpful<span style="font-size: large;">With a good heart and noble intentions, I've heard people say, "I don't see color when I look at someone." Or they might say, "We are all the same." I believe these statements really are genuinely meant to convey our shared humanity as fellow human beings, and to communicate that the speaker recognizes that we all bleed the same, we all have dreams, emotions, we all experience joy and pain and loss in life. The speaker, I believe, is wanting to say that he/she doesn't see a social hierarchy, but rather our commonalities as fellow human beings. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">So why <i>isn't</i> it helpful to say that we are colorblind and don't see color? </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Telling someone that you don't see color inadvertently communicates that you don't see all of that person nor have interest in this person's different culture, heritage, unique perspective, or racial experience. And by saying that "we're all the same", we, as white people, can also be expecting the person of color to assimilate into white dominate culture, to value what we value when we say "we are all the same." </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">We cannot move toward race conversations and dismantling racism if we pretend not to see color or believe that race does not matter or factor into almost everything in society. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">We can still communicate that we as humans share a lot in common AND at the same time see, acknowledge, respect, learn about, and affirm diversity through race, culture, and ethnicity. </span>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-71276750947760446562020-06-11T20:10:00.002-05:002020-06-11T20:10:37.543-05:00the need for action, but not without compassion<span style="font-size: large;">Sometimes I get moving too fast in my schedule, and I neglect or hurry past people I care about in my life. My proclivity for action can so quickly chase compassion off my path and into the ditch. This happened to me last week.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">In the midst of a busy week of work with community and church and conversations about racism and justice, I popped off a quick text to a group of neighbors who water and weed their flower corners all summer.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Each May, our neighborhood hosts a Saturday morning event called "Miracle of Marigolds". Neighbors come together, and we plant several corners with marigolds. Neighbors living close to a corner commit to caring for that particular corner, watering and weeding so that the flower corners might all grow and flourish around the Walnut Neighborhood. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Last Wednesday, I shot off a quick reminder text to neighbors that basically said that due to very hot temperatures and no rain, the flowers might need some attention and water.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">One neighbor replied with a text that basically said that due to a very hard and stressful week, some of our black neighbors might need some attention and checking on.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Full stop.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">In the midst of action and busy, I neglected that which was the more important: compassion. I had not checked in with some of my neighbors to see how they were doing. I could have at least started my text with an acknowledgement of the heaviness and pain of the week. But, I didn't. And the flower text seemed insensitive and irrelevant for some to the weightier matters at hand. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">In the midst of cries for action and calls for swift reform and an urgent sense of movement to dismantle racism across our country, I am reminded that I cannot lose sight of real life on life compassion close to home. Compassion literally means <i>to suffer with</i>....to enter into the pain...to get close to the pain, to tarry there. Jesus was the master of compassion, entering into pain, being present, and suffering in solidarity alongside fellow humans. This means moving toward brothers and sisters in pain and suffering, not only at a macro level, but at a micro, one on one level as well. </span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Where is one place you're moving toward pain and suffering these days? What has most grown your compassion quotient in your life? </span></b>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-82433266810597644412020-06-10T10:00:00.000-05:002020-06-10T10:00:04.109-05:00internalized racial oppression and inferiorityI want to stick with internalized racism for another day because our psyches and identities have been so deeply impacted by racism. Internalized racism affects our thoughts and actions, so of course, we have to become aware of it as we search to live from our true identities and not our wounded, fearful egoic selves. When we can begin to grow aware of how racism has affected our thinking, we can begin to heal and live more freely from our God center, our unconditionally loved BEING place, our "Christ in us the hope of glory" core.<br />
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I have not had the lived experience of battling racial inferiority. My fight is against racial superiority and privilege (which is actually just insecurity and inferiority on steroids). And since I am not going to ask any person of color to explain for us white readers what it's like to battle racial inferiority, what I will do, is to ask you to consider the following:<br />
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1) Please look these charts and lists over: <a href="https://www.dismantlingracism.org/internalizations.html" target="_blank">This is some good information on how racial oppression has internalized both in terms of superiority and inferiority. </a> These are uncomfortable characteristics to see and to acknowledge but necessary so that we can all grow more aware and move toward growth and healing.<br />
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3) Just use your imagination, my white friends. If our racial classification of whiteness was deemed the low rung on the social ladder , and we were consistently treated and told that we had less value, less worth, less intelligence, less ability, less, less, less, less, ...what do you think would happen in you? If a different dominant culture would continually work to lock you and your family out, would misunderstand you, exclude you, dismiss you, dehumanize you, can you even imagine how rejection like that might assault your mind, spirit, very being?<br />
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Here's all I've got to say: It takes courage and resolve from everyone to confront racial oppression- superiority/ privilege and inferiority/oppression. However, the human spirit, strength, perseverance,and the resilience of Black America to continually fight both internalized inferiority and injustice for over 400 years is nothing short of supernatural, indescribable, heroic. <br />
<br />Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-57044100386554531282020-06-09T09:19:00.000-05:002020-06-08T20:17:06.426-05:00an example of systemic racism<span style="font-size: large;"><i>I first published this post on August 22, 2018, but I am re-publishing it to give a specific example of something I referenced in my post yesterday.</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Several years ago, I attended a 3 day "Undoing Racism" workshop taught by People's Institute for Survival and Beyond. It was such an enlightening workshop, and it has helped me so often to identify situations of internalized, systemic racism where I might otherwise have overlooked it. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">During the workshop, I remember one of the instructors, a Hispanic woman, talk about one of the ways that systemic racism manifests. She said that when there is a crime that gets national attention, she prays that the perpetrator will not be Hispanic. She went on to say that when the perpetrator is a minority, then it is part of systemic racism's nature that the dominant culture will paint that entire people group in the light of that perpetrator. Yet, when the perpetrator is of the dominant culture, then he/she gets viewed as one individual who did this very bad thing. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">We are seeing an example of that this week in the national spotlight. Yesterday, law enforcement was led to the body of Mollie Tibbets, a 20 year old college student, from Brooklyn, IA, who disappeared on July 18. I am heart sick for her and for her family. I have a wonderful, beautiful daughter the same age, and I cannot imagine the pain and grief of family and friends. Mollie's life was cut short by a man named Cristhian Rivera, a 24 year old male from Mexico who was undocumented. Rivera was sick to follow, abduct, and take Mollie's life. He needs to be brought before the courts and to pay for such a tragic crime. He, however, should not be viewed as a representation of all 24 year olds, males, Mexicans, or undocumented people in the United States. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">This week, the national spotlight is also on the murder of 34 year old Shanann Watts, 4 year old Bella, 3 year old Celeste, and unborn Baby Watts, by the hand of Chris Watts, their husband and father who is a white, 33 year old middle class male. Chris Watts was sick to take his wife and children's lives. He needs to be brought before the courts and to pay for such a tragic crime. No one in dominant culture, however, will paint all white 33 year old males as dangerous, bad, or evil. Heck, this news story doesn't even want to paint Chris Watts in that light: </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://people.com/crime/chris-watts-triple-murder-suspect-seemed-like-family-man/" target="_blank"> https://people.com/crime/chris-watts-triple-murder-suspect-seemed-like-family-man/</a> Dominant culture will, because of the entrenchment of systemic racism, naturally see this criminal (Chris Watts) as an individual while seeing the criminal above (Cristhian Rivera) as an entire people group. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">After being told this, I see it often. We saw 64 year old white male, Stephen Paddock, as an individual. He killed 58 people in Las Vegas out of his hotel window while they attended a concert.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Statistics show that mass killings are committed predominantly by white males <a href="https://www.blogger.com/u/1/(https://www.statista.com/statistics/476456/mass-shootings-in-the-us-by-shooter-s-race/">(https://www.statista.com/statistics/476456/mass-shootings-in-the-us-by-shooter-s-race/</a>), but we will continue to view each of these criminals as an outlier rather than to create a general stereotype. Dominant culture will not afford that to minorities, however. This is a characteristic of how internalized systemic oppression holds on to the superiority/inferiority dynamic. Sometimes people have trouble getting a grasp on the systemic, internalized nature of racism, so I thought I would share a pretty visible example of it at work. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Have you seen examples of this? </span><br />
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<br />Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-34152979135177264342020-06-08T14:00:00.000-05:002020-06-08T14:00:05.747-05:00how our brains work to reinforce racial oppression<span style="font-size: large;">There is no scientific or genetic basis for race, but we have been so influenced by this construct. How does the brain approach skin color, which is not a problem, but we have made it a problem through the social construction and hierarchy of race? Our brains work to deal with the cognitive dissonance through various defenses and tactics depending on whether we have internalized inferiority or superiority. Here are some ways the brain, as a white person, manifests white superiority: </span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">INDIVIDUALISM</span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*Pull yourself up by your bootstraps. We all have to take responsibility for our individual lives. Individuals should be kind and respectful to one another no matter our color of skin. (while personal responsibility and respect/kindness is important, we fail to accurately see or address history and oppressive systems of power at play). The brain has also been trained to see some things through the eyes of <i>individualism </i>and some things through the eyes of <i>group think. </i> For example, most mass shootings in America are committed by white men, but we see each of those men as troubled individuals, while we assign suspicion and guilt to an entire people group if a person of color commits a crime. </span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">ENTITLEMENT </span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*I worked hard and earned all that I have. I'm entitled to my rights and privacy and benefits. I am offended when someone intrudes or questions my privilege. (we may have worked hard for what we have, but we often fail to see and care about how we have benefited from injustice while others have suffered from it.)</span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">DENIAL</span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*I don't have a problem. I am not at racist. I am not involved in racist practices. We are post-racist...look at all the people of color in high offices and top positions now. (denial keeps us from seeing deeper realities. We fail to see our interconnectedness and how we are all involved, all victims of a faulty racist narrative that has continued to morph and exist throughout our history.) </span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">EXCEPTIONALISM</span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*Anglo-Americans are special, chosen, set apart and have protected status. This is a mindset of American Manifest Destiny. That those who escaped religious persecution across the ocean were destined to this Promised Land and could take this land in conquest as a gift from God. (this is where Christian faith and racism have some pretty ugly roots to dig out and separate.) </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">One way to move forward on this journey of anti-racism is to continue to learn about how racism has internalized and affects our minds and our thinking. <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/07/health/white-fragility-robin-diangelo-wellness/index.html" target="_blank">This article that I read this morning (an interview with Robin DiAngelo) was excellent and offers 5 tasks for white people who are struggling with the issue of race.</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">There is also a <a href="https://www.eddiemoorejr.com/21daychallenge" target="_blank">21 Day Racial Equity Habit Building Challenge </a>referenced in this article that I think would be a great challenge as well. </span><br />
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<br />Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-38556931305245844192020-06-07T07:03:00.001-05:002020-06-07T07:03:13.598-05:00internalized racial oppression<span style="font-size: large;">Because it was built into the foundation and walls of the American home, racial oppression has internalized deep into our human psyches.</span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Internalized inferiority: The multigenerational process of disempowerment. Accepting and living out the definition of self given by the oppressor that you are less than or unworthy due to your race.</span></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Internalized superiority: The multigenerational process of entitlement. Accepting and living out the definition of self that you are better due to your race. </span></b><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Both are false states. Neither are who we really are. Internalized racial oppression has harmed all people. It is a part of our human broken condition. It has caused us to not love ourselves nor our neighbor well because it has caused us to see and think of one another and ourselves through the lens of comparison and competition rather than through the lens of love. These false states are present and need to be continually acknowledged and addressed as we work toward justice, healing, reconciliation. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Romans 12:2 says "Do not conform to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind. Then you will be able to test and approve what God's will is- his good, pleasing, and perfect will." The love of God, ourselves, and our neighbor is God's good, pleasing, and perfect will. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Beneath the internalized racial oppression, we are all unconditionally created in and for divine love. However, power and privilege have often gotten in the way of divine love expressing itself. Through generations of comparison and competition, those who have internalized superiority have gained a great deal of earthly power and privilege at the expense of others. This has actually taken us away from REAL power. We can see this so plainly in our current time in history. If we want to discover real, collective power, we have only to look at the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus. Justice for the oppressed, rightly seeing people's divinity and humanity, sacrificial serving and love, confession and repentance, community and belonging....that is real power. Jesus spent his whole life modeling real power and inviting us into such a life of love with him. </span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Action Steps: </span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">*Begin to notice (in you and around you) where you see comparison and competition at work. </span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">*Where do you see comparison and competition creating unhealthy power and privilege?</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">*Where are you seeing examples of real power that expresses itself in love and justice? </span></b><br />
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<b><br /></b>Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-85728831683591240822020-06-04T15:00:00.000-05:002020-06-04T17:00:11.448-05:00structural racism<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Structural racism</b>, also known as systemic or institutional racism, is difficult for white people to see because it has been structured to be the norm for us and is designed to be invisible to us. Often, we who are classified as white, tend to think about racism only in terms of interpersonal relationships. It is, however, necessary to look beneath interpersonal relationships to see structural racism at work. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">In the early days of building this new home called America, people of European descent were amassing land and wealth through acts of terror upon other human beings. The only way to bridge the dissonance they experienced in their consciences was to dehumanize others so that they could justify the genocide of Native Americans and the enslavement of kidnapped Africans. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Thus, the classification system of race was created and value was assigned to human life through it. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">As American institutions were designed and built, this social order infected every single system and was laid into the foundation of the American house. Walls of this home were put up...government, education, religion, transportation, health care, criminal justice, energy, technology, media, financial, housing, etc. All institutions were centered with whiteness valued as right, superior, normal. All institutions were infected by racism because racism lived front and center in the mind of the people designing and building the house. Racism (race prejudice + power) had to be a central mechanism of the mind so that people could live with themselves and for many, with their faith, while at the same time displacing people, selling people, separating people, torturing people, raping people, killing people, and subjugating people. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Racism cannot be dismantled by rearranging furniture in the home, nor by vacuuming the carpets, nor by cleaning up spills, not even by putting together people of different races in one of the rooms in the house. Instead, the drywall must be torn off and the very frame and foundation need to be exposed, inspected, dismantled, and restructured. Tearing the house apart feels painful, scary, messy, mind blowing, life altering for those who are white. But anyone who has had a home with diseased wood or a faulty foundation knows that it is critically necessary to address these structural problems so that they might then build a solid, firm, healthy home for the whole family. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">I could not see structural racism until I began to read and hear history from a different lens than the one I grew up learning. I did not start this learning until I was 40 years old. My mind, conditioned in racism and white superiority, did not and does not want to dismantle the house to see and inspect the foundation and the framework. In exposing the frame and foundation, I have experienced disorientation, upheaval, guilt, grief, and loss of what I thought I knew to be true. I have also experienced the path toward life, healing, justice, peace, and the invitation to work together to build a solid, firm, healthy home for the whole family. In the way of Christ and Good News for ALL people, I believe this is the very path toward abundant life. </span><br />
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<br />Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-16926323208317555182020-06-03T08:12:00.000-05:002020-06-05T12:43:01.553-05:00race, prejudice, racism definitionsPeople of color enter race conversation at a 401 level due to their lived experiences. People classified as white enter into race conversation at a 101 level. That has been true for me. I thought I would write some posts over the next days offering a bit of a primer, a Racism 101, from my journey of learning. I am still en route, often ignorant and arrogant, so just to qualify this: I am but a fellow learner who is seeking understanding, transformation, justice.<br />
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<b>One helpful distinction for me in being educated was to learn about the following definitions and the difference between prejudice and racism. </b><br />
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<b>Prejudice</b> is to pre-judge based on socialized biases. We can pre-judge based on so many things: age, weight, religion, ethnicity, a person's education, race, gender, sexual orientation, urban, rural, political parties, socio-economics, and on and on. <br />
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People’s Institute for Survival and Beyond defines <b>Race</b> as: A fictitious
or created classification of human beings created by Europeans which assigns
human worth and social status using “white” as the model of humanity and the height
of human achievement for the purpose of establishing and maintaining privilege
and power. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<b>Racism, </b>then, is actually racial prejudice with power (institutional) attached to it. When people who are in power use their racial prejudices to create a society's institutions in a way that keeps power and access in the hands of some people while keeping it out of the hands of others, this is racism. (There are also other -isms that involve prejudice + power...sexism being another example)<br />
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All humans have stereotypes and show prejudice or bias, but to be racist means that you have racial prejudice <i>plus</i> have the institutional power to affect laws, policies, and society to the benefit of your defined race. Racism, then, is attributed to white America since racial classifications and values were made up and have been maintained by a dominant white culture. It doesn't make sense, then, for example, to call a Hispanic woman who may not like me due to my whiteness a "reverse-racist" or a "racist". Rather, she is pre-judging or has prejudice against me. <br />
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For a great many years of my life, I thought racism was synonymous with prejudice. I did not know that racism = race prejudice + institutional power.<br />
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I also had never thought about race being socially constructed. Growing up, I had thought about race as a biological characteristic. When I took an Undoing Racism class some years back, participants were asked
how we determine race. Answers
were: color of skin, language, name,
birth country, culture, physical characteristics, religious beliefs, DNA. We went back through that list and determined
that we really couldn’t determine race by any of these things. Some Hispanics look white. Some are darker and look almost black. Language doesn’t determine race. Nor does a person’s name, the country you
live in. Physical characteristics vary,
as do religious beliefs, and we are 99.8% genetically alike. What, then, is race? Race was actually socially constructed to create a pecking order that classified some humans as more valuable than other humans for the purpose of protecting power and privilege. <br />
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I grew up in Waterloo, IA, and I didn't critically or consciously think much past interpersonal relationships and prejudices until I was in my 40's. That's real and true. I hope these definitions will help some others as they helped me to begin getting educated about the foundations, nature, and impacts of racism. <b>How have you grown up thinking about race and racism? </b><br />
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<br />Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1126642710571597888.post-53054988728097892722020-06-02T08:00:00.000-05:002020-06-02T11:40:28.598-05:00what is white fragility<span style="font-size: large;">Perhaps you have heard the term "white fragility" and have wondered what that really means. Here is one example. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"> In 2011, I was in a book group reading <u>The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in an Age of Colorblindness.</u> I was 46 years old and my eyes and mind were just being opened to a reality that I had been basically blinded to for all my life. I read the early chapters of <u>The New Jim Crow</u> as a skeptic and was certain the content was not accurate and was only the author's perspective. By the middle of the book I was being challenged and then wrecked. The world as I had believed it was crumbling and giving away to a different reality. I was overwhelmed to say the least. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">At one of our weekly book discussions, I voiced that I was having some aha moments and that it felt like scales were falling from my eyes. One black leader from our community came back with a very strong retort....stating that he was having trouble believing that I could really be having aha moments when his lived experience of racism was so blatant and so prevalent every day. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">This same man later spoke up after I had shared that I thought it would take friendship and trust for us to work together across race and move into a different future. His sharp reply- "I don't want friendship! I want justice!" </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">White fragility would have looked like me getting defensive, feeling attacked, and not coming back to the group. Instead, this community leader's words were really a defining moment for me. His emotion and words made me wrestle deeply and prompted more curiosity than ever to better understand what he meant through his pain, passion, and words. I am grateful for his bluntness and honesty. It helped me face the gravity, urgency, and critical nature of this conversation. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">We can learn a great deal if we can sit with people who are in pain and really listen. This will require us to be mindful about what defenses might arise inside of us, to acknowledge them, but to set them aside, so that we might ultimately discover the road of solidarity toward justice. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">In <u>White Fragility: Why it's So Hard for White People to Talk about Racism</u>, author Robin DiAngelo defines white fragility like this:</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">"White people in North America live in a social environment that protects and insulates them from race-based stress. This insulated environment of racial protection builds white expectations for racial comfort while at the same time lowering the ability to tolerate racial stress, leading to what I refer to as White Fragility. White Fragility is a state in which even a minimum amount of racial stress becomes intolerable, triggering a range of defensive moves. These moves include the outward display of emotions such as anger, fear, and guilt, and behaviors such as argumentation, silence, and leaving the stress-inducing situation. These behaviors, in turn, function to reinstate white racial equilibrium."</span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">The best suggestion I can make if you are serious about opening yourself to learning about the reality of racial oppression in our country is to stay in it. Stay. in. it. </span></span><br />
<br />Laura Hoyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01810186641466520443noreply@blogger.com1